![]() ![]() If you want help with a PostgreSQL command, use \h or \help and the command. To see a list of all psql meta-commands, and a brief summary of what they do, use the \? command. If you want to read more about it, see the psql documentation. See psql reference page 'Notes for Windows users' for details.” You don’t need to worry about this at this stage. Note: If you’re on Windows you might see a warning like “Console code page (850) differs from Windows code page (1252) 8-bit characters might not work correctly. Connecting to a database with the psql application Once you enter this, your terminal prompt will change to show that you’re connected to the postgres database. Next, you’ll be prompted for the password you chose when you installed PostgreSQL. You can just press enter to select the default values, which are localhost, postgres, 5432, and postgres. You will be prompted for a server, a database, a port and a username. Launch the psql application – it'll be called "SQL Shell (psql)". Option 2 – Connect to a database with the psql application If you want to directly connect to a database as yourself (rather than as the postgres superuser), enter your system username as the username value. Connecting to a database from the command line with psql Your terminal prompt will change to show that you’re now connected to the postgres database. Enter the password you chose when you installed PostgreSQL on your computer. So enter psql -d postgres -U postgres to connect to the postgres database as the postgres superuser. When you installed PostgreSQL, a default database and user were created, both called postgres. The -d flag is shorter alternative for -dbname while -U is an alternative for -username. The pattern for connecting to a database is: psql -d database_name -U username Checking psql version via the command line You should see psql (PostgreSQL) version_number, where version_number is the version of PostgreSQL that’s installed on your machine. You can make sure psql is installed by typing psql -version. Option 1 – Connect to a database with the command line Both provide pretty much the same experience. You have two options when using psql to connect to a database: you can connect via the command line or by using the psql application. Keep this in a safe place as you’ll need it to connect to any databases you create. When you install PostgreSQL, you will be asked for a password. If you haven’t already installed PostgreSQL on your computer, follow the instructions for your operating system on the official PostgreSQL documentation. This guide will teach you the basics of managing PostgreSQL databases from the command line, including how to create, manage, back up, and restore databases. I’m here to tell you it’s really not so bad. Now, running a database on your local computer and using the command line can seem intimidating at first. You can even write scripts and automate tasks relating to your databases. It also lets you use meta-commands (which start with a backslash) for administering the databases. Psql lets you write SQL queries, send them to PostgreSQL, and view the results. When you install PostgreSQL on a machine, psql is automatically included. Psql is a tool that lets you interact with PostgreSQL databases through a terminal interface. While there are several graphical applications for interacting with PostgreSQL, using psql and the command line is probably the most direct way to communicate with your database. ![]() Whether you’re learning from the freeCodeCamp Relational Database Certification or trying out PostgreSQL on your own computer, you need a way to create and manage databases, insert data into them, and query data from them. It's more than 25 years old, and in that time it has earned a reputation for stability and reliability.It’s open source, so you won’t be locked into a particular vendor.It’s widely used in industry, including at Uber, Netflix, Instagram, Spotify, and Twitch. ![]() PostgreSQL is an excellent choice as a first relational database management system to learn. In the Stack Overflow 2021 Survey, 4 out of the top 5 database technologies used by professional developers were relational database management systems. From web development to data science, they are used everywhere. Now is a great time to learn relational databases and SQL. ![]()
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